WEEK 8: VISUAL LEARNING AIDS

Diagrams, Flowcharts, Decision Matrices & Checklists

SOCRA CCRP Exam Preparation - Printable Study Materials


1. PROTOCOL REQUIRED ELEMENTS CHECKLIST

ICH E6(R2) Section 6 - Complete Protocol Contents

PROTOCOL REQUIRED ELEMENTS - PRINT & CHECK OFF
═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

6.1 GENERAL INFORMATION
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
□ Protocol title
□ Protocol identifying number
□ Protocol version and date
□ Amendment number(s) and date(s) if applicable
□ Name and address of sponsor
□ Name, title, address, phone of sponsor's medical expert
□ Name and title of investigator(s) responsible for trial
□ Name(s) and address(es) of clinical laboratory(ies)

6.2 BACKGROUND INFORMATION
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
□ Name and description of investigational product
□ Summary of nonclinical study findings with clinical significance
□ Summary of known and POTENTIAL risks and benefits
□ Description and justification for:
  □ Route of administration
  □ Dosage
  □ Dosage regimen
  □ Treatment period
□ COMPLIANCE STATEMENT (protocol, GCP, regulatory)
□ Description of population to be studied
□ References to relevant literature and data

6.3 TRIAL OBJECTIVES AND PURPOSE
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
□ Detailed description of objectives
□ Statement of purpose
□ Primary hypothesis (if applicable)
□ Research questions the trial will answer

6.4 TRIAL DESIGN
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
□ Primary endpoint(s)
□ Secondary endpoint(s)
□ Type/design of trial (parallel, crossover, factorial, etc.)
□ Schematic diagram of trial design and procedures
□ Measures to minimize/avoid bias:
  □ Randomization method and procedures
  □ Blinding procedures and maintenance
□ Trial treatment(s):
  □ Names
  □ Doses
  □ Dosage regimen
  □ Route of administration
  □ Duration
  □ Dosage form
  □ Packaging and labeling
□ Expected duration of subject participation
□ Sequence and duration of all trial periods
□ Stopping rules or discontinuation criteria:
  □ For individual subjects
  □ For parts of trial
  □ For entire trial
□ Accountability procedures for investigational product
□ Maintenance of randomization codes
□ Procedures for breaking codes
□ Identification of data recorded directly on CRFs

6.5 SELECTION AND WITHDRAWAL OF SUBJECTS
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
□ Inclusion criteria (specific and justified)
□ Exclusion criteria (specific and justified)
□ Withdrawal criteria:
  □ When to withdraw subjects
  □ How to withdraw subjects
□ Type of data to be collected for withdrawn subjects
□ Timing of data collection for withdrawn subjects
□ Whether and how subjects are to be replaced
□ Follow-up procedures for withdrawn subjects

6.6 TREATMENT OF SUBJECTS
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
□ Treatment(s) to be administered:
  □ Names
  □ Doses
  □ Schedules
  □ Routes
  □ Duration
□ Medication(s)/treatment(s) PERMITTED before/during trial
□ Medication(s)/treatment(s) PROHIBITED before/during trial
□ Procedures for monitoring subject compliance

6.7 ASSESSMENT OF EFFICACY
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
□ Specification of efficacy parameters
□ Methods for assessing efficacy parameters
□ Timing of efficacy assessments
□ Methods for recording efficacy parameters
□ Methods for analyzing efficacy parameters

6.8 ASSESSMENT OF SAFETY
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
□ Specification of safety parameters
□ Methods for assessing safety parameters
□ Timing of safety assessments
□ Methods for recording safety parameters
□ Methods for analyzing safety parameters
□ Procedures for eliciting reports of adverse events
□ Recording procedures for adverse events
□ Type and duration of follow-up after adverse events

6.9 STATISTICS
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
□ Description of statistical methods to be employed
□ Timing of interim analyses
□ Number of subjects planned:
  □ Per site (for multicenter trials)
□ Reason for choice of sample size:
  □ Power calculations
  □ Clinical justification
□ Level of significance to be used (typically p<0.05)
□ Criteria for termination of trial
□ Procedures for accounting for:
  □ Missing data
  □ Unused data
  □ Spurious data
□ Procedures for reporting deviations from original statistical plan
□ Selection of subjects to be included in analyses:
  □ Intent-to-treat
  □ Per-protocol
  □ Evaluable

6.10 DIRECT ACCESS TO SOURCE DATA/DOCUMENTS
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
□ Statement permitting direct access to source data
□ For whom (monitors, auditors, inspectors)
□ What data is accessible

6.11 QUALITY CONTROL AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
□ Procedures for quality control
□ Procedures for quality assurance
□ Data monitoring procedures

6.12 ETHICS
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
□ Description of informed consent procedure:
  □ How/when informed consent obtained
  □ Language of consent
  □ Documentation procedure
□ IRB/IEC oversight requirements
□ Risks and benefits to subjects (summary)
□ Vulnerable populations protections (if applicable)

6.13 DATA HANDLING AND RECORD KEEPING
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
□ Procedure for maintaining trial records
□ Confidentiality protection procedures
□ Data entry procedures
□ Data validation procedures
□ Record retention requirements

6.14 FINANCING AND INSURANCE
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
□ Financing information
□ Insurance information (if applicable)

6.15 PUBLICATION POLICY
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
□ Publication approval procedures
□ Authorship criteria
□ Timing of publication

6.16 SUPPLEMENTS
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
□ Procedures for adding new information
□ Amendment vs. supplement criteria

═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
TOTAL BOXES TO CHECK: 86
Use this checklist to audit protocol completeness.

2. ELIGIBILITY DECISION TREE FLOWCHART

                            SUBJECT SCREENING
                                  │
                                  ▼
                    ┌─────────────────────────────┐
                    │  DOES SUBJECT MEET ALL      │
                    │   INCLUSION CRITERIA?       │
                    └──────┬──────────────┬────────┘
                          YES            NO
                           │              │
                    ┌──────▼──┐     SCREEN FAIL
                    │          │     (Document
                    │         │      reason)
                    │
                    ▼
         ┌──────────────────────────┐
         │ DOES SUBJECT MEET ANY    │
         │ EXCLUSION CRITERIA?      │
         └──────┬──────────────┬────────┘
               YES            NO
                │              │
         SCREEN FAIL     ┌──────▼──┐
         (Document       │          │
          reason)        │         │
                         │
                         ▼
            ┌────────────────────────────┐
            │ ELIGIBLE FOR ENROLLMENT    │
            │                            │
            │ Proceed to:                │
            │ • Informed consent         │
            │ • Baseline assessments     │
            │ • Randomization           │
            └────────────────────────────┘

CRITICAL RULE:
All inclusion AND all exclusion criteria assessed
AT TIME OF ENROLLMENT/RANDOMIZATION
(Not just at screening)

If not eligible at enrollment:
⊗ CANNOT enroll without BOTH:
  1. Sponsor medical monitor approval (written)
  2. IRB approval
⊗ Even with both approvals, risky & carefully monitored

3. AMENDMENT VS. ADMINISTRATIVE CHANGE DECISION MATRIX

DECISION MATRIX: Amendment vs. Administrative Change
═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

                    CHANGE REQUIRES AMENDMENT?
                    
CHANGE TYPE              YES/NO    REASONING
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

SAFETY CHANGES
├─ Increase drug dose     ✓ YES    • Increased exposure
├─ Increase duration      ✓ YES    • Longer exposure
├─ Add safety test        ✓ YES    • Adds safety monitoring
├─ Drop safety test       ✓ YES    • Removes safety monitoring
├─ New inclusion limit    ✓ YES    • Restricts population (safety)
├─ New exclusion          ✓ YES    • Excludes risk group
└─ Change endpoint        ✓ YES    • Affects hypothesis

SCOPE CHANGES
├─ Increase subjects      ✓ YES    • Study scope expansion
├─ Add new site           ✓ YES    • Affects trial size
├─ Add treatment arm      ✓ YES    • Design change
└─ Drop control group     ✓ YES    • Design change

CONSENT/ETHICS CHANGES
├─ Update informed        ✓ YES    • Subject rights affected
│  consent form
├─ Add vulnerable pop.    ✓ YES    • Ethics/safety change
└─ Change compensation    ✓ YES    • Affects subject decision

ADMINISTRATIVE CHANGES
├─ Monitor name change    ✗ NO     • Contact only
├─ Phone number update    ✗ NO     • Contact only
├─ Email address update   ✗ NO     • Contact only
├─ Typo correction        ✗ NO     • Meaning unchanged
├─ CV updates             ✗ NO     • Qualifications update
├─ Clarifications         ✗ NO     • No meaning change
└─ Sponsor address        ✗ NO     • Administrative

INVESTIGATOR CHANGES
├─ Add new investigator   ~ 30 DAY  • Notify FDA within 30 days
├─ Remove investigator    ✗ NO     • Notification per protocol
└─ Change sub-investigator✗ NO     • Usually institutional

═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

DECISION RULE:
If change affects SAFETY, SCOPE, or QUALITY → AMENDMENT
Otherwise → ADMINISTRATIVE CHANGE (notification only)

WHEN IN DOUBT → Submit as amendment

IMPLEMENTATION:
✓ Amendments: FDA submission + IRB approval = Implementation OK
✗ Cannot implement before BOTH approvals
⚠ Exception: Immediate hazard elimination = implement, then notify

4. DEVIATION VS. VIOLATION CLASSIFICATION GUIDE

DEVIATION vs. VIOLATION DECISION TREE
═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

                    PROTOCOL DEVIATION DETECTED
                             │
                             ▼
                  ┌──────────────────────────────┐
                  │ ASSESS IMPACT ON:             │
                  │ • Subject Safety              │
                  │ • Data Integrity              │
                  │ • Regulatory Compliance       │
                  └──────┬──────────────┬─────────┘
                        YES            NO
                         │              │
                    SIGNIFICANT    MINIMAL
                    IMPACT         IMPACT
                     │              │
                     ▼              ▼
              ┌──────────────┐  ┌──────────────┐
              │  VIOLATION   │  │MINOR DEVIATION│
              │              │  │              │
              │ Requirements:│  │Requirements: │
              │ • Document   │  │ • Document   │
              │ • Report     │  │ • Track      │
              │   immediately│  │ • Evaluate   │
              │ • Sponsor    │  │ • Continue   │
              │   SAME DAY   │  │ • No escalate│
              │ • IRB        │  │             │
              │   24-48 hrs  │  │             │
              │ • FDA if     │  │             │
              │   safety     │  │             │
              └──────────────┘  └──────────────┘

EXAMPLES:

MINOR DEVIATIONS:
• Visit ±1 day within acceptable window
• Lab draw slight timing variation (within tolerance)
• Form page temporarily misfiled (source doc present)
• Minor data entry error (correctable)

MAJOR DEVIATIONS/VIOLATIONS:
• Visit 2+ weeks outside window
• Lab at completely wrong timepoint
• Enrollment of ineligible subject (creatinine high)
• Missing informed consent signature
• Prohibited medication given
• Administering wrong dose

DECISION FACTORS:
1. Is it within protocol tolerance?
   YES → Minor Deviation
   NO → Assess further

2. Does it affect subject safety?
   YES → Major/Violation
   NO → Minor

3. Does it compromise data integrity?
   YES → Major/Violation
   NO → Minor

4. Is it correctable?
   YES → Major Deviation
   NO → Violation (subject may exit)

5. Regulatory/GCP impact?
   SIGNIFICANT → Violation
   MINOR → Deviation

═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
KEY: If in doubt → Escalate and let sponsor assess

5. PROTOCOL DEVIATIONS MANAGEMENT WORKFLOW

6-STEP DEVIATION MANAGEMENT PROCESS
═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

STEP 1: DETECTION & DOCUMENTATION
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ WHO detects?                                                │
│ • Site staff (self-identification)                          │
│ • Monitor (during site visit)                               │
│ • Central review (data analysis)                            │
│ • Subject report                                            │
│ • Audit findings                                            │
│                                                              │
│ WHAT to document:                                           │
│ ✓ Date deviation discovered                                │
│ ✓ Description of what happened                             │
│ ✓ Subject ID and visit/timepoint                          │
│ ✓ Who discovered it                                        │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
           │
           ▼
STEP 2: IMPACT ASSESSMENT
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Evaluate impact on:                                         │
│ ✓ Subject SAFETY - was subject put at risk?               │
│ ✓ DATA INTEGRITY - is data usable/valid?                 │
│ ✓ REGULATORY COMPLIANCE - did we violate GCP?            │
│                                                              │
│ Classification:                                             │
│ • Minor Deviation: Impact minimal/none                     │
│ • Major Deviation: Significant impact on one area          │
│ • Violation: Significant impact on safety/data/compliance  │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
           │
           ▼
STEP 3: ROOT CAUSE ANALYSIS
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ WHY did the deviation occur?                                │
│ • Investigator error?                                       │
│ • Sponsor error?                                            │
│ • Subject non-compliance?                                   │
│ • System failure?                                           │
│ • Training gap?                                             │
│ • Procedure unclear?                                        │
│                                                              │
│ Document findings in writing                               │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
           │
           ▼
STEP 4: CAPA DEVELOPMENT (Corrective & Preventive Actions)
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ CORRECTIVE ACTIONS (Fix Problem):                          │
│ • Re-obtain missing informed consent                        │
│ • Repeat procedure/assessment if needed                     │
│ • Provide staff training (if knowledge gap)                │
│ • Correct data in database if error                        │
│                                                              │
│ PREVENTIVE ACTIONS (Stop Recurrence):                      │
│ • Implement checklist before key step                       │
│ • Add electronic alert system                              │
│ • Update standard operating procedures                      │
│ • Conduct refresher training for all staff                │
│ • Implement double-check system                            │
│                                                              │
│ Document for EACH action:                                  │
│ • What will be done                                         │
│ • Who is responsible                                        │
│ • Target completion date                                    │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
           │
           ▼
STEP 5: REPORTING (Timeline Varies by Severity)
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ MINOR DEVIATION:                                            │
│ • Sponsor: Per protocol timeline                            │
│ • IRB: Per institutional policy                            │
│ • FDA: Not required                                         │
│                                                              │
│ MAJOR DEVIATION:                                            │
│ • Sponsor: SAME DAY or next business day                   │
│ • IRB: Usually required                                     │
│ • FDA: If safety impact                                     │
│                                                              │
│ VIOLATION:                                                   │
│ • Sponsor: IMMEDIATE (same day)                            │
│ • IRB: Within 24-48 hours                                   │
│ • FDA: Within 15 days (if safety-related)                  │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
           │
           ▼
STEP 6: PREVENTION/FOLLOW-UP
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ • Implement CAPA plan                                       │
│ • Track action completion                                   │
│ • Verify effectiveness (monitor for recurrence)            │
│ • Document completion                                       │
│ • Communicate completion to sponsor/IRB                    │
│ • Update protocols/procedures as needed                    │
│ • Provide staff feedback                                    │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
KEY TIMING:
✓ Minor deviation: Document and track
✓ Major deviation: Notify sponsor same day
✓ Violation: Contact sponsor immediately; assess continuation

6. IRT/IWRS SYSTEM WORKFLOW INFOGRAPHIC

IRT/IWRS SYSTEM: FROM SUBJECT ENROLLMENT TO DATA LOCK
═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                      SUBJECT ENROLLMENT                      │
│                      (Visit 1 - Baseline)                    │
│                                                              │
│  1. Subject meets all eligibility criteria                 │
│  2. Informed consent obtained and signed                   │
│  3. Baseline assessments completed                         │
└─────────────────────────┬──────────────────────────────────┘
                          │
                          ▼
        ┌─────────────────────────────────────┐
        │ RANDOMIZATION (IRT System)          │
        │                                     │
        │ Investigator enters:                │
        │ • Subject ID                        │
        │ • Visit information                 │
        │ • Randomization factors (if any)   │
        │                                     │
        │ IRT ASSIGNS TREATMENT               │
        │ • Subject → Treatment A or B        │
        │ • Assignment UNCONTROLLABLE         │
        │ • Prevents selection bias           │
        │ • Maintains allocation concealment  │
        └────────────────┬────────────────────┘
                         │
                         ▼
        ┌─────────────────────────────────────┐
        │ BLINDING MAINTENANCE (IRT)          │
        │                                     │
        │ ✓ Treatment code secure             │
        │ ✓ Cannot be undetectably broken    │
        │ ✓ Only authorized personnel access │
        │ ✓ Audit trail of all access        │
        │ ✓ Electronic controls prevent      │
        │   investigator seeing assignment   │
        │ ✓ Subject blinded (if applicable)  │
        └────────────────┬────────────────────┘
                         │
                         ▼
    ┌────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
    │ DRUG DISPENSING (IRT Tracks)                  │
    │                                                │
    │ Visit 1:                                       │
    │ • Assign drug kit to subject                  │
    │ • IRT confirms:                               │
    │   - Drug not expired                          │
    │   - Correct amount                            │
    │   - Not exceeding max dispensed               │
    │ • Record: subject, date, kit #, lot #, qty   │
    │                                                │
    │ Ongoing (Visits 2-N):                        │
    │ • Request drug from IRT                       │
    │ • IRT confirms availability                   │
    │ • Dispense as assigned                        │
    │ • Record each dispensing                      │
    │ • Monitor subject compliance                  │
    └────────────────┬─────────────────────────────┘
                     │
                     ▼
        ┌─────────────────────────────────────┐
        │ VISIT WINDOW MONITORING             │
        │                                     │
        │ IRT provides alerts:                │
        │ • Approaching visit deadline        │
        │ • Outside acceptable window         │
        │ • Missing scheduled visits          │
        │ • Non-compliance patterns           │
        └────────────────┬────────────────────┘
                         │
                         ▼
        ┌─────────────────────────────────────┐
        │ SUBJECT RETURNS (IRT Tracks)        │
        │                                     │
        │ At end or withdrawal:               │
        │ • Subject returns unused drug       │
        │ • Count returned units              │
        │ • Reconcile: Dispensed - Returned  │
        │ • Store separately                  │
        │ • IRT records return                │
        └────────────────┬────────────────────┘
                         │
                         ▼
        ┌─────────────────────────────────────┐
        │ EMERGENCY UNBLINDING (Rare)         │
        │                                     │
        │ ONLY for true medical emergency:   │
        │ • Life-threatening event            │
        │ • Serious adverse event             │
        │ • Treatment info needed for care   │
        │                                     │
        │ IRT provides code:                  │
        │ • Cannot be hidden                  │
        │ • Documented immediately           │
        │ • Reason recorded                   │
        │ • Sponsor/IRB notified              │
        └────────────────┬────────────────────┘
                         │
                         ▼
    ┌────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
    │ STUDY CLOSEOUT (IRT Final Accounting)         │
    │                                                │
    │ Final Reconciliation:                         │
    │ • Total received                              │
    │ • Total dispensed                             │
    │ • Total returned                              │
    │ • Total destroyed                             │
    │ • Total remaining → destroyed per sponsor     │
    │                                                │
    │ Equation must BALANCE:                        │
    │ Received = Dispensed + Destroyed + Remaining │
    │                                                │
    │ 21 CFR Part 11 Compliance:                    │
    │ • Complete electronic records                 │
    │ • Audit trail of every action                │
    │ • User access logs                           │
    │ • 2+ years records retention                 │
    └────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
IRT ADVANTAGES OVER MANUAL SYSTEMS:
✓ Eliminates selection bias
✓ Prevents allocation manipulation
✓ Maintains blinding integrity
✓ Real-time inventory management
✓ Eliminates human error
✓ Complete audit trail
✓ 21 CFR Part 11 compliant

7. DRUG ACCOUNTABILITY CHAIN OF CUSTODY VISUAL

COMPLETE CHAIN OF CUSTODY: RECEIPT TO DESTRUCTION
═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

SPONSOR SHIPS PRODUCT
        │
        ▼ [VERIFY: Temperature logs, manifest]
    ┌─────────────┐
    │   RECEIPT   │────────→ Document:
    │             │           • Date received
    └─────────────┘           • Lot #, expiration
        │                     • Quantity
        │                     • Condition
        │                     • Signature
        ▼
    ┌──────────────────┐
    │ STORAGE          │────────→ Requirements:
    │ (Locked,         │           • Temperature control (2-8°C, etc.)
    │ Temperature      │           • Humidity monitoring
    │ Controlled)      │           • Daily temp logs
    │                  │           • Access delegation log
    └──────────────────┘           • Separated from commercial drugs
        │
        ├─────────────┬──────────────┐
        │             │              │
        ▼             ▼              ▼
    NORMAL      TEMPERATURE      EXPIRED
    DISPENSING  EXCURSION        PRODUCT
        │         │              │
        │    QUARANTINE          │
        │    └→ NOTIFY SPONSOR   │
        │       └→ DESTROY       │
        │          (per sponsor) │
        │                        │
        ▼                        │
    ┌──────────────┐             │
    │  DISPENSING  │             │
    │              │             │
    │ Record:      │             │
    │ • Date       │             │
    │ • Subject ID │             │
    │ • Visit #    │             │
    │ • Lot #      │             │
    │ • Expiration │             │
    │ • Qty        │             │
    │ • Signature  │             │
    └──────────────┘             │
        │                        │
        ├─────────────┬──────────┘
        │             │
        ▼             ▼
    SUBJECT       [Expired]
    TAKES DRUG    DESTROYED
        │         (with
        │          sponsor
        ▼          auth)
    ┌──────────────┐
    │   RETURNS    │────────→ Record:
    │   UNUSED     │           • Date
    │              │           • Quantity
    └──────────────┘           • Condition
        │
        ▼
    STORE SEPARATELY
    FROM REMAINING
        │
        ├──────────────┬──────────────┐
        │              │              │
        ▼              ▼              ▼
    [Used]          [Destroyed]     [Remaining]
    58 units        40 units        22 units
        │              │              │
        │              │              │
        │         Sponsor Auth    END OF STUDY
        │         Certificate        │
        │         of Destruction     │
        │         Required       Remaining
        │                        Destroyed
        │                        (final
        │                        accounting)
        │                            │
        └────────────┬───────────────┘
                     │
                     ▼
        ┌────────────────────────────┐
        │ FINAL RECONCILIATION       │
        │                            │
        │ Received = 100 units       │
        │ Dispensed = 70 units       │
        │ Destroyed = 48 units       │
        │ Remaining = 22 units       │
        │                            │
        │ VERIFY:                    │
        │ Used (58) + Returned (12)  │
        │ + Destroyed (40) + Remaining(22)
        │ = 132?                     │
        │ NO - DISCREPANCY!          │
        │                            │
        │ → Investigate              │
        │ → Document                 │
        │ → Report to sponsor        │
        └────────────────────────────┘

═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
MASTER EQUATION (MUST BALANCE):
Received = Dispensed + Destroyed + Remaining
    100   =    70     +    8      +    22

KEY CHECKPOINTS:
✓ Receipt: Verify contents, temperature, condition
✓ Storage: Daily temperature logging, access control
✓ Dispensing: Every dose logged with detail
✓ Returns: Count and verify returned product
✓ Destruction: Sponsor authorization, witness, certificate
✓ Closeout: Equation balanced or discrepancy investigated

8. RECONCILIATION CALCULATION TEMPLATE WORKSHEET

DRUG ACCOUNTABILITY RECONCILIATION WORKSHEET
═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

Study Name: ________________________    Site: __________________
Report Date: _______________________    Period: ________________

STEP 1: RECEIVED (Incoming Product)
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Receipt Date(s): _________________
Shipment 1: _____ units, Lot #_______, Expiration: ________
Shipment 2: _____ units, Lot #_______, Expiration: ________
Shipment 3: _____ units, Lot #_______, Expiration: ________

TOTAL RECEIVED: ____________ units [A]


STEP 2: DISPENSING (Product Given to Subjects)
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Total dispensed to subjects: ____________ units [B]

Dispensing breakdown (optional):
  Visit 1: _____ units to _____ subjects
  Visit 2: _____ units to _____ subjects
  Visit 3: _____ units to _____ subjects
  Other: _____ units


STEP 3: SUBJECT RETURNS (Unused Product from Subjects)
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Total returned by subjects: ____________ units [C]

Actually USED by subjects: B - C = _____ units [D]
  (Calculation: _____ - _____ = _____)


STEP 4: DESTRUCTION (Product Destroyed per Protocol)
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Temperature excursion destroyed: _____ units
Expired product destroyed: _____ units
Damaged product destroyed: _____ units
End-of-study destroyed: _____ units
Other destruction: _____ units

TOTAL DESTROYED: ____________ units [E]
(Each with sponsor authorization and certificate?)
□ Yes     □ No (if no, document why)


STEP 5: REMAINING (Physical Inventory Count)
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Physical count of remaining product: ____________ units [F]

Verify count by:
□ Bottle/kit count
□ Weight verification
□ Other: _________________________


STEP 6: RECONCILIATION EQUATION
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

METHOD 1 (Using Remaining):
Received = Dispensed + Destroyed + Remaining
   [A]   =    [B]    +   [E]    +   [F]
  _____ =   _____ +   _____ +   _____
  
  ═════════════════════════════════
  BALANCED? □ YES   □ NO
  ═════════════════════════════════


METHOD 2 (Verification):
Received = Used + Returned + Destroyed + Remaining
   [A]   = [D] +   [C]   +   [E]   +   [F]
  _____ = _____ + _____ + _____ + _____
  
  ═════════════════════════════════
  BALANCED? □ YES   □ NO
  ═════════════════════════════════


STEP 7: DISCREPANCY ANALYSIS (IF NOT BALANCED)
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
If equation does not balance:

Expected Remaining = Received - Dispensed - Destroyed
                  = _____ - _____ - _____ = _____

Actual Remaining = _____

DISCREPANCY = Expected - Actual = _____ units

Possible causes (check all that apply):
□ Undocumented temperature excursion
□ Documented but uncounted destroyed units
□ Data entry error in dispensing records
□ Spillage or accidental loss
□ Recount needed (count again)
□ Other: _________________________

Investigation findings:
________________________________________
________________________________________

Resolution:
________________________________________
________________________________________


STEP 8: INVESTIGATOR SIGN-OFF
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Investigator Name (print): _________________________________
Investigator Signature: ____________________________________
Date: _____________________________

Comments:
________________________________________
________________________________________


STEP 9: SPONSOR APPROVAL
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Sponsor Representative: ____________________________________
Signature: _____________________________________
Date: _____________________________

Approved: □ Yes   □ Conditional   □ Requires Further Action

If conditional or requires action:
________________________________________
________________________________________

═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
KEEP: Original copy in trial files, electronic copy in database
SUBMIT: Copy to sponsor per protocol requirements

9. AMENDMENT IMPLEMENTATION TIMELINE

PROTOCOL AMENDMENT TIMELINE
═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

            DAY 0: PROBLEM IDENTIFIED
                    │
                    ▼
        ┌─────────────────────────────┐
        │  DRAFT AMENDMENT            │
        │  (Sponsor prepares)         │
        │                             │
        │  Content:                   │
        │  • Amended protocol pages   │
        │  • Rationale for change     │
        │  • Safety assessment        │
        │  • Impact statement         │
        └──────────────┬──────────────┘
                       │
                       ▼
        ┌──────────────────────────────┐
        │ DAY 1-2: SPONSOR SUBMITS     │
        │ TO FDA                       │
        │                              │
        │ Submission:                  │
        │ • IND Amendment (312.30)     │
        │ • Complete amendment         │
        │ • Cover letter               │
        │                              │
        │ FDA receives and LOGS        │
        │ (doesn't mean approved)      │
        └──────────────┬───────────────┘
                       │
    ┌──────────────────┴──────────────────┐
    │                                     │
    ▼                                     ▼
┌──────────────────┐              ┌──────────────────┐
│ SIMULTANEOUSLY:  │              │ SIMULTANEOUSLY:  │
│ FDA REVIEWS      │              │ IRB REVIEWS      │
│ (Background)     │              │ (Active review)  │
│                  │              │                  │
│ • Evaluates      │              │ • Meeting/ballot │
│ • May question   │              │ • Determines if  │
│ • Issues letter? │              │   full/expedited │
│ (Usually none)   │              │ • Votes approval │
└──────────────────┘              └────────┬─────────┘
        │                                  │
        │                    ┌─────────────▼────────────┐
        │                    │  IRB APPROVAL OBTAINED   │
        │                    │  (Usually 1-2 weeks)     │
        │                    │                          │
        │                    │  Investigator receives:  │
        │                    │  • IRB approval letter   │
        │                    │  • Approved amendment    │
        │                    │  • Effective date        │
        │                    └────────────┬─────────────┘
        │                                 │
        └─────────────────────┬───────────┘
                              │
                              ▼
                ┌─────────────────────────┐
                │ IMPLEMENTATION CONDITIONS│
                │ MET:                    │
                │ ✓ FDA received amend   │
                │ ✓ IRB approved amend   │
                └────────────┬────────────┘
                             │
                             ▼
                ┌──────────────────────────┐
                │ AMENDMENT IMPLEMENTED    │
                │ (Begin using new version)│
                │                          │
                │ Actions:                 │
                │ • Distribute to sites    │
                │ • Train staff            │
                │ • Update procedures      │
                │ • Start new practices    │
                │ • Document implementation
                │ • File amendment copies  │
                └────────────┬─────────────┘
                             │
                             ▼
                ┌──────────────────────────┐
                │ ONGOING:                 │
                │ FDA may ask questions    │
                │ (Reviewed while in use)  │
                │                          │
                │ Schedule:                │
                │ • FDA review during      │
                │   study conduct          │
                │ • Usually no approval    │
                │   letter needed          │
                │ • Just acknowledgment    │
                └──────────────────────────┘

═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
CRITICAL POINTS:
✓ Sponsor submission to FDA = Day 1-2
✓ IRB review = 1-2 weeks (can be expedited)
✓ Implementation = After BOTH conditions met
✗ Cannot implement before BOTH approvals
✗ FDA does NOT approve amendments (pre-approval authority only)
✗ FDA reviews amendments while study ongoing

EXCEPTION:
Immediate hazard elimination:
→ Implement immediately
→ Notify FDA/IRB within 15 days